Pernahkah kamu menyatakan kegiatan sehari-hari dalam bahasa Inggris? Maka, kamu pasti menggunakan kalimat dalam bentuk simple present tense. Pada pembahasan kita kali ini, kamu akan menemukan banyak contoh simple present tense yang bisa kamu pelajari.
Sama halnya dengan contoh present perfect tense, simple present tense juga termasuk kategori present tense. Namun, sebelum itu kita akan mempelajari terlebih dahulu apa itu simple present tense.
Mulai dari pengertian, rumus, jenis, dan yang lainnya. Oke, langsung saja simak pembahasan selengkapnya berikut ini.
Pengertian Simple Present Tense
Sebenarnya, apa itu simple present tense? Ya, pengertian simple present tense merupakan kebalikan dari contoh simple past tense yaitu kalimat yang bisa kamu gunakan saat ingin menyatakan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung atau kejadian rutin yang terjadi berulang-ulang.
Dari pengertian dan definisi simple present tense diatas, bisa kita simpulkan bahwa tenses ini merupakan yang salah satu yang paling sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Jika masih bingung, cek berbagai rumus simple present tense dibawah ini.
Rumus Simple Present Tense
Berikut rumus simple present tense yang perlu kamu ingat:
Kalimat verbal :
Subject + Verb + Object + Keterangan waktu (optional)
Kalimat nominal :
Subject + to be + Object + Keterangan waktu (optional)
Kalimat verbal menggunakan kata kerja, sedangkan kalimat nominal menggunakan to be. Untuk subject I, They, We, You, verb yang digunakan tidak berubah. Sedangkan untuk subject she, he, it, verb yang digunakan berubah dengan menambahkan s/es/ies. Contoh simple present tense adalah:
- You + eat + apple every morning
- He + eats + apple every morning
- I + go + to school every day
- She + goes + to school every day
- They + study + hard every sunday
- He + studies + hard every sunday
Macam – Macam Kalimat Simple Present Tense
Tak hanya dalam bentuk kalimat positif atau affirmative, ternyata kalimat simple present tense juga bisa dinyatakan dalam bentuk negatif dan interrogative. Berbeda dengan present perfect continuous tense yang harus menggunakan verb-ing.
Untuk lebih jelasnya, kuk kita bahas lebih jauh.
Bentuk Affirmative (Kalimat Positif)
Kalimat jenis ini disebut juga dengan kalimat positif. Bisa dilengkapi dengan verb atau adjective. Rumusnya adalah:
Kalimat verbal :
Subject + Verb (1) + O
Kalimat nominal :
Subject + to be (is, am, are) + O
Sama seperti past future tense, rumus simple present tense juga menggunakan verb (1). Dan jangan lupa, verb harus ditambahkan s/es/ies untuk subject she, he, it. Berikut beberapa contoh simple present tense affirmative:
- Mr. Joko Widodo is the President of Republic of Indonesia
- She goes to church every sunday
- They study literature every monday
Bentuk Negative (Kalimat Negatif)
Untuk kalimat berbentuk negative, kamu perlu menambahkan “do not”, “does not”, atau “to be + not”. Perlu diingat bahwa, verb pada kalimat negative tidak perlu kamu tambahkan s/es/ies. Perhatikan rumus berikut untuk mempermudah kamu memahami bentuk kalimat negative:
Kalimat verbal :
Subject + do not/does not + verb (1) + O
Kalimat nominal :
Subject + to be not + O
Yuk kita coba ubah kalimat affirmative di atas menjadi bentuk kalimat negative:
- Mr. Joko Widodo is not the President of Republic of Indonesia
- She does not go to church every sunday
- They do not study literature every monday
Bentuk Interogative (Kalimat Tanya)
Sekarang kamu sudah tahu bentuk kalimat affirmative dan negative, nah bagaimana dengan kalimat interrogative? Fungsi kalimat ini adalah untuk melontarkan kalimat tanya, sehingga kamu perlu menempatkan do/does/to be pada awal kalimat. Perhatikan rumus berikut:
Kalimat verbal :
Do/does + subject + verb (1) + object
Kalimat nominal :
to be + subject + verb (1) + object
Mari kita coba contoh kalimat yang sama :
- Is Mr. Joko Widodo the President of the Republic of Indonesia?
- Does she go to church every sunday?
- Do they study literature every monday?
Contoh Kalimat Simple Present Tense
Sudah mendapat gambaran mengenai bentuk kalimat simple present tense? Berikut kumpulan contoh simple present tense untuk melengkapi pemahaman kamu:
- Contoh 1
(+) The bus leaves at 7 a.m
(-) The bus does not leave at 7 a.m
(?) Does the bus leave at 7 a.m?
- Contoh 2
(+) I like banana very much
(-) I do not like banana very much
(?) Do I like banana very much?
- Contoh 3
(+) We have meeting at 6 o’clock
(-) We do not have meeting at 6 o’clock
(?) Do we have a meeting at 6 o’clock?
- Contoh 4
(+) They swim at the pool every sunday morning
(-) They do not swim at the pool every sunday morning
(?) Do they swim at the pool every Sunday morning?
- Contoh 5
(+) The baby eats porridge every morning
(-) The baby does not eat porridge every morning
(?) Does the baby eat porridge every morning?
- Contoh 6
(+) Intan plays badminton every evening
(-) Intan does not play badminton every evening
(?) Does Intan play badminton every evening?
- Contoh 7
(+) It is frozen every winter
(-) It is not frozen every winter
(?) Is it frozen every winter?
- Contoh 8
(+) The rabbit sleeps every 9 p.m
(-) The rabbit does not sleep every 9 p.m
(?) Does the rabbit sleep every 9 p.m?
- Contoh 9
(+) You are always beautiful
(-) You are not always beautiful
(?) Are you always beautiful?
- Contoh 10
(+) The doctors and nurses are very patient
(-) The doctors and nurses are not very patient
(?) Are the doctors and nurses very patient?
- Contoh 11
(+) He plays guitar at the café on the weekend
(-) He does not play guitar at the café on the weekend
(?) Does he play guitar at the café on the weekend?
- Contoh 12
(+) She stares at you at class every time
(-) She does not stare at you at class every time
(?) Does she stare at you at class every time?
- Contoh 13
(+) Every bedtime, Jimmy always asks for a bedtime story
(-) Every bedtime, Jimmy does not always ask for a bedtime story
(?) Does every bedtime Jimmy always ask for a bedtime story?
- Contoh 14
(+) You read all of the Harry Potter Series
(-) You do not read all of the Harry Potter Series
(?) Do you read all of the Harry Potter Series?
- Contoh 15
(+) My sister is always excited for dinner with the family everytime
(-) My sister is not always excited for dinner with the family everytime
(?) Is my sister always excited for dinner with the family everytime?
- Contoh 16
(+) He lives in Jakarta
(-) He does live in Jakarta
(?) Does he live in Jakarta?
- Contoh 17
(+) She go to the cinema with her sister sometimes
(-) She does not go to the cinema with her sister sometimes
(?) Does she go to the cinema with her sister sometimes?
- Contoh 18
(+) People receive compliments every time
(-) People do not receive compliments every time
(?) Do people receive compliments every time?
- Contoh 19
(+) Your mother loves you very much
(-) Your mother does not love you very much
(?) Does your mother love you very much?
- Contoh 20
(+) I cry everytime I see the movie
(-) I do not cry everytime I see the movie
(?) Do I cry everytime I see the movie?
Nah, sudah terbayang bukan bagaimana bentuk simple present tense? Perhatikan bentuk verb dan penempatan “do”, “does” serta “to be” pada bentuk negative dan affirmative.
Terakhir, sering-seringlah latihan mengubah bentuk kalimat agar kamu makin mahir. Kamu bisa kembali melihat kembali contoh simple present tense di atas jika kamu masih kesulitan. Selamat berlatih!
